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Compare New Caledonia (2004) - Greece (2001)

Compare New Caledonia (2004) z Greece (2001)

 New Caledonia (2004)Greece (2001)
 New CaledoniaGreece
Administrative divisions none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 provinces named Iles Loyaute, Nord, and Sud 51 prefectures (nomoi, singular - nomos)and 1 autonomous region*; Ayion Oros* (Mt. Athos), Aitolia kai Akarnania, Akhaia, Argolis, Arkadhia, Arta, Attiki, Dhodhekanisos, Drama, Evritania, Evros, Evvoia, Florina, Fokis, Fthiotis, Grevena, Ilia, Imathia, Ioannina, Irakleion, Kardhitsa, Kastoria, Kavala, Kefallinia, Kerkyra, Khalkidhiki, Khania, Khios, Kikladhes, Kilkis, Korinthia, Kozani, Lakonia, Larisa, Lasithi, Lesvos, Levkas, Magnisia, Messinia, Pella, Pieria, Preveza, Rethimni, Rodhopi, Samos, Serrai, Thesprotia, Thessaloniki, Trikala, Voiotia, Xanthi, Zakinthos
Age structure 0-14 years: 29.4% (male 32,076; female 30,772)


15-64 years: 64.3% (male 69,150; female 68,310)


65 years and over: 6.3% (male 6,259; female 7,112) (2004 est.)
0-14 years:
14.98% (male 820,219; female 771,466)

15-64 years:
67.3% (male 3,580,535; female 3,569,755)

65 years and over:
17.72% (male 834,234; female 1,047,626) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products vegetables; beef, deer, other livestock products wheat, corn, barley, sugar beets, olives, tomatoes, wine, tobacco, potatoes; beef, dairy products
Airports 25 (2003 est.) 81 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 11


over 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 8


under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)
total:
65

over 3,047 m:
6

2,438 to 3,047 m:
15

1,524 to 2,437 m:
19

914 to 1,523 m:
16

under 914 m:
9 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 14


914 to 1,523 m: 8


under 914 m: 6 (2004 est.)
total:
16

over 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
4

under 914 m:
10 (2000 est.)
Area total: 19,060 sq km


land: 18,575 sq km


water: 485 sq km
total:
131,940 sq km

land:
130,800 sq km

water:
1,140 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than New Jersey slightly smaller than Alabama
Background Settled by both Britain and France during the first half of the 19th century, the island was made a French possession in 1853. It served as a penal colony for four decades after 1864. Agitation for independence during the 1980s and early 1990s has dissipated. Greece achieved its independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1829. During the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, it gradually added neighboring islands and territories with Greek-speaking populations. Following the defeat of communist rebels in 1949, Greece joined NATO in 1952. A military dictatorship, which in 1967 suspended many political liberties and forced the king to flee the country, lasted seven years. Democratic elections in 1974 and a referendum created a parliamentary republic and abolished the monarchy; Greece joined the European Community or EC in 1981 (which became the EU in 1992).
Birth rate 18.98 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) 9.83 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $861.3 million


expenditures: $735.3 million, including capital expenditures of $52 million (1996 est.)
revenues:
$45 billion

expenditures:
$47.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.)
Capital Noumea Athens
Climate tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid temperate; mild, wet winters; hot, dry summers
Coastline 2,254 km 13,676 km
Constitution 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) 11 June 1975; amended March 1986
Country name conventional long form: Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies


conventional short form: New Caledonia


local long form: Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances


local short form: Nouvelle-Caledonie
conventional long form:
Hellenic Republic

conventional short form:
Greece

local long form:
Elliniki Dhimokratia

local short form:
Ellas or Ellada

former:
Kingdom of Greece
Currency Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF); note - may adopt the euro in 2003 drachma (GRD); euro (EUR)

note:
on 1 January 1999, the EU introduced the euro as a common currency that is now being used by financial institutions in Greece (which entered the European Monetary Union on 1 January 2001) at a fixed rate of 340.750 drachmae per euro and will replace the local currency for all transactions in 2002
Death rate 5.64 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) 9.73 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $79 million (1998 est.) $57 billion (2000 est.)
Dependency status overseas territory of France since 1956 -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of France) chief of mission:
Ambassador R. Nicholas BURNS

embassy:
91 Vasilissis Sophias Boulevard, 10160 Athens

mailing address:
PSC 108, APO AE 09842-0108

telephone:
[30] (1) 721-2951

FAX:
[30] (1) 645-6282

consulate(s) general:
Thessaloniki
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of France) chief of mission:
Ambassador Alexandros PHILON

chancery:
2221 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 939-5800

FAX:
[1] (202) 939-5824

consulate(s) general:
Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco

consulate(s):
Atlanta, Houston, and New Orleans
Disputes - international Matthew and Hunter Islands east of New Caledonia claimed by France and Vanuatu complex maritime, air, and territorial disputes with Turkey in Aegean Sea; Cyprus question with Turkey; dispute with The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia over its name
Economic aid - recipient $880 million annual subsidy from France (1998) $5.4 billion from EU (1997 est.)
Economy - overview New Caledonia has about 25% of the world's known nickel resources. Only a small amount of the land is suitable for cultivation, and food accounts for about 20% of imports. In addition to nickel, substantial financial support from France - equal to more than one-fourth of GDP - and tourism are keys to the health of the economy. Substantial new investment in the nickel industry, combined with the recovery of global nickel prices, brightens the economic outlook for the next several years. Greece has a mixed capitalist economy with the public sector accounting for about half of GDP. Tourism is a key industry, providing a large portion of GDP and foreign exchange earnings. Greece is a major beneficiary of EU aid, equal to about 4% of GDP. The economy has improved steadily over the last few years, as the government has tightened policy in the run-up to Greece's entry into the EU's Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) on 1 January 2001. In particular, Greece has cut its budget deficit to below 1% of GDP and tightened monetary policy, with the result that inflation fell from 20% in 1990 to 3.1% in 2000. Major challenges remaining include the reduction of unemployment and further restructuring of the economy, including the privatization of some leading state enterprises. Growth, 3.8% in 2000, may fall off to 3%-3.5% in 2001.
Electricity - consumption 1.5 billion kWh (2001) 43.343 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) 1.65 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) 1.811 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 1.613 billion kWh (2001) 46.432 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
89.6%

hydro:
9.72%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0.68% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mont Panie 1,628 m
lowest point:
Mediterranean Sea 0 m

highest point:
Mount Olympus 2,917 m
Environment - current issues erosion caused by mining exploitation and forest fires air pollution; water pollution
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Ethnic groups Melanesian 42.5%, European 37.1%, Wallisian 8.4%, Polynesian 3.8%, Indonesian 3.6%, Vietnamese 1.6%, other 3% Greek 98%, other 2%

note:
the Greek Government states there are no ethnic divisions in Greece
Exchange rates Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - 105.73 (2003), 126.72 (2002), 133.26 (2001), 129.44 (2000), 111.93 (1999) drachmae per US dollar - 380.21 (December 2000), 365.40 (2000), 305.65 (1999), 295.53 (1998), 273.06 (1997), 240.71 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: President of France Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by High Commissioner Daniel CONSTANTIN (since 3 July 2002)


head of government: President of the Government Marie-Noelle THEMEREAU (since 10 June 2004)


cabinet: Consultative Committee


elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the government elected by the members of the Territorial Congress; note - last election held 29 June 2004 when Marie-Noelle THEMEREAU was elected on the third vote with 8 votes for and 3 abstentions
chief of state:
President Konstandinos (Kostis) STEPHANOPOULOS (since 10 March 1995)

head of government:
Prime Minister Konstandinos SIMITIS (since 19 January 1996)

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister

elections:
president elected by Parliament for a five-year term; election last held 8 February 2000 (next to be held by NA March 2005); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
Konstandinos STEPHANOPOULOS reelected president; percent of Parliament vote - 90%
Exports NA (2001) $15.8 billion (f.o.b., 2000)
Exports - commodities ferronickels, nickel ore, fish manufactured goods, food and beverages, petroleum products
Exports - partners Japan 21.8%, France 19.2%, Taiwan 14%, Spain 11%, South Korea 8.5%, Australia 7.2%, Italy 5.1% (2003) EU 49% (Germany 15%, Italy 13%, UK 6%), US 6% (1999)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description the flag of France is used nine equal horizontal stripes of blue alternating with white; there is a blue square in the upper hoist-side corner bearing a white cross; the cross symbolizes Greek Orthodoxy, the established religion of the country
GDP purchasing power parity - $3.158 billion (2003 est.) purchasing power parity - $181.9 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 5%


industry: 30%


services: 65% (1997 est.)
agriculture:
8.3%

industry:
27.3%

services:
64.4% (1998)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $15,000 (2001 est.) purchasing power parity - $17,200 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate NA 3.8% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 21 30 S, 165 30 E 39 00 N, 22 00 E
Geography - note consists of the main island of New Caledonia (one of the largest in the Pacific Ocean), the archipelago of Iles Loyaute, and numerous small, sparsely populated islands and atolls strategic location dominating the Aegean Sea and southern approach to Turkish Straits; a peninsular country, possessing an archipelago of about 2,000 islands
Heliports 6 (2003 est.) 2 (2000 est.)
Highways total: 4,825 km


paved: 2,287 km


unpaved: 2,538 km (1999)
total:
117,000 km

paved:
107,406 km (including 470 km of expressways)

unpaved:
9,594 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
lowest 10%:
3%

highest 10%:
25.3% (1993 est.)
Illicit drugs - a gateway to Europe for traffickers smuggling cannabis and heroin from the Middle East and Southwest Asia to the West and precursor chemicals to the East; some South American cocaine transits or is consumed in Greece
Imports NA (2001) $33.9 billion (c.i.f., 2000)
Imports - commodities machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs manufactured goods, foodstuffs, fuels, chemicals
Imports - partners France 46.1%, Australia 9.5%, Singapore 9.3%, New Zealand 4.3% (2003) EU 66% (Italy 15%, Germany 15%, France 9%, UK 6%) (1999)
Independence none (overseas territory of France); note - a referendum on independence was held in 1998 but did not pass; a new referendum is scheduled for 2014 1829 (from the Ottoman Empire)
Industrial production growth rate -0.6% (1996) 7% (2000 est.)
Industries nickel mining and smelting tourism; food and tobacco processing, textiles; chemicals, metal products; mining, petroleum
Infant mortality rate total: 7.89 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 8.59 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 7.14 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
6.38 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) -0.6% (2000 est.) 3.1% (2000 est.)
International organization participation FZ, ICFTU, PIF (observer), UPU, WFTU, WMO Australia Group, BIS, BSEC, CCC, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EIB, EMU, EU, FAO, G- 6, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, NAM (guest), NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMIBH, UNOMIG, UPU, WEU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 27 (2000)
Irrigated land 160 sq km (1991) 13,140 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; County Courts; Joint Commerce Tribunal Court; Children's Court Supreme Judicial Court; Special Supreme Tribunal; all judges appointed for life by the president after consultation with a judicial council
Labor force 79,400 (including 15,018 unemployed, 1996) 4.32 million (1999 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 7%, industry 23%, services 70% (1999 est.) industry 21%, agriculture 20%, services 59% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total:
1,210 km

border countries:
Albania 282 km, Bulgaria 494 km, Turkey 206 km, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 228 km
Land use arable land: 0.38%


permanent crops: 0.33%


other: 99.29% (2001)
arable land:
19%

permanent crops:
8%

permanent pastures:
41%

forests and woodland:
20%

other:
12% (1993 est.)
Languages French (official), 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects Greek 99% (official), English, French
Legal system the 1988 Matignon Accords grant substantial autonomy to the islands; formerly under French law based on codified Roman law; judiciary divided into civil, criminal, and administrative courts
Legislative branch unicameral Territorial Congress or Congres Territorial (54 seats; members are members of the three Provincial Assemblies or Assemblees Provinciales elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 9 May 2004 (next to be held NA 2009)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPCR-UMP 16, AE 16, UNI-FLNKS 8, UE 7, FN 4, others 3


note: New Caledonia currently holds 1 seat in the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held not later than September 2007; between now and 2010 New Caledonia will gain a second seat in the French Senate); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; New Caledonia also elects 2 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 and 16 June 2002 (next to be held by June 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 2
unicameral Parliament or Vouli ton Ellinon (300 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
elections last held 9 April 2000 (next to be held by NA April 2004)

election results:
percent of vote by party - PASOK 43.8%, ND 42.7%, KKE 5.5%, Coalition of the Left and Progress 3.2%; seats by party - PASOK 158, ND 125, KKE 11, Coalition of the Left and Progress 6
Life expectancy at birth total population: 73.78 years


male: 70.82 years


female: 76.89 years (2004 est.)
total population:
78.59 years

male:
76.03 years

female:
81.32 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 91%


male: 92%


female: 90% (1976 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
95%

male:
98%

female:
93% (1991 est.)
Location Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia Southern Europe, bordering the Aegean Sea, Ionian Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea, between Albania and Turkey
Map references Oceania Europe
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf:
200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

territorial sea:
6 NM
Merchant marine total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,261 GRT/1,600 DWT


by type: cargo 1


foreign-owned: Malaysia 1


registered in other countries: 1 (2004 est.)
total:
780 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 25,564,988 GRT/44,761,916 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 272, cargo 55, chemical tanker 22, combination bulk 5, combination ore/oil 6, container 51, liquefied gas 5, multi-functional large-load carrier 1, passenger 14, passenger/cargo 2, petroleum tanker 255, refrigerated cargo 3, roll on/roll off 20, short-sea passenger 63, specialized tanker 5, vehicle carrier 1

note:
includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: South Korea 1, UK 4 (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France -
Military branches no regular indigenous military forces; French Armed Forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie); Police Force Hellenic Army, Hellenic Navy, Hellenic Air Force, National Guard, Police
Military expenditures - dollar figure NA $6.12 billion (FY99/00 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA 4.91% (FY99/00 est.)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
2,673,539 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
2,040,227 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 21 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
77,976 (2001 est.)
National holiday Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) Independence Day, 25 March (1821)
Nationality noun: New Caledonian(s)


adjective: New Caledonian
noun:
Greek(s)

adjective:
Greek
Natural hazards cyclones, most frequent from November to March severe earthquakes
Natural resources nickel, chrome, iron, cobalt, manganese, silver, gold, lead, copper bauxite, lignite, magnesite, petroleum, marble, hydropower potential
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) 1.96 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines - crude oil 26 km; petroleum products 547 km
Political parties and leaders Alliance pour la Caledonie or APLC [Didier LE ROUX]; Caleonian Union or UC [leader NA]; Federation des Comites de Coordination des Independantistes or FCCI [Francois BURCK]; Front National or FN [Guy GEORGE]; Front Uni de Liberation Kanak or FULK [Ernest UNE]; Kanak Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS [leader NA] (includes PALIKA, UNI, UC, and UPM); Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA [Paul NEAOUTYINE and Elie POIGOUNE]; Rally for Caledonia in the Republic (anti independent) or RPCR-UMP [Jacques LAFLEUR]; The Future Together or AE [Harold MARTIN]; Union Nationale pour l'Independance or UNI [Paul NEAOUTYINE]; note - may no longer exist, but Paul NEAOUTYINE has since become a president of Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA; Union Progressiste Melanesienne or UPM [Victor TUTUGORO] Coalition of the Left and Progress (Synaspismos) [Nikolaos KONSTANDOPOULOS]; Communist Party of Greece or KKE [Aleka PAPARIGA]; New Democracy or ND (conservative) [Konstandinos KARAMANLIS]; Panhellenic Socialist Movement or PASOK [Konstandinos SIMITIS]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 213,679 (July 2004 est.) 10,623,835 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA NA%
Population growth rate 1.33% (2004 est.) 0.21% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Mueo, Noumea, Thio Alexandroupolis, Elefsis, Irakleion (Crete), Kavala, Kerkyra, Chalkis, Igoumenitsa, Lavrion, Patrai, Peiraiefs (Piraeus), Thessaloniki, Volos
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 26, FM 88, shortwave 4 (1998)
Radios - 5.02 million (1997)
Railways - total:
2,548 km

standard gauge:
1,565 km 1.435-m gauge (36 km electrified; 23 km double track)

narrow gauge:
961 km 1.000-m gauge; 22 km 0.750-m gauge (a rack-type railway for steep grades)
Religions Roman Catholic 60%, Protestant 30%, other 10% Greek Orthodox 98%, Muslim 1.3%, other 0.7%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.88 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
at birth:
1.07 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.06 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.8 male(s)/female

total population:
0.97 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: country code - 687; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
general assessment:
adequate, modern networks reach all areas; good mobile telephone and international service

domestic:
microwave radio relay trunk system; extensive open wire connections; submarine cable to offshore islands

international:
tropospheric scatter; 8 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean), 1 Eutelsat, and 1 Inmarsat (Indian Ocean region)
Telephones - main lines in use 52,000 (2002) 5.431 million (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 80,000 (2002) 937,700 (1997)
Television broadcast stations 6 (plus 25 low-power repeaters) (1997) 36 (plus 1,341 low-power repeaters); also two stations in the US Armed Forces Radio and Television Service (1995)
Terrain coastal plains with interior mountains mostly mountains with ranges extending into the sea as peninsulas or chains of islands
Total fertility rate 2.35 children born/woman (2004 est.) 1.33 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 19% (1996) 11.3% (2000 est.)
Waterways - 80 km

note:
system consists of three coastal canals including the Corinth Canal (6 km) which crosses the Isthmus of Corinth connecting the Gulf of Corinth with the Saronic Gulf and shortens the sea voyage from the Adriatic to Peiraiefs (Piraeus) by 325 km; there are also three unconnected rivers
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